Incoterms®'ün açıklaması
Incoterms® are rules, that define the terms of trade for the sale of goods all around the world.
Entering the world of global trade and ocean shipping, means understanding your roles and responsibilities in importing or exporting goods – and that requires an understanding of Incoterms®.
What do Incoterms® mean?
Incoterms® are rules – set by the International Chamber of Commerce – that define the terms of trade for the sale of goods all around the world. You can think of them as the common language of trade – and by understanding them better, you will be better equipped in importing and exporting goods with parties around the world.
What do Incoterms® cover?
Whether you are handling a bill of lading, creating a packing list for a shipment, a customs invoice or commercial invoice; or preparing a certificate of origin at a port – Incoterms® support you along the way.
✅ What Incoterms® do cover
Alıcı ve satıcı arasındaki yükümlülükleri ve maliyetleri tanımlarlar
Kargo riskinin alıcı ve satıcı arasında geçiş yaptığı noktayı tanımlarlar
Taşıyıcılar, nakliyeciler, gümrük komisyoncuları ve mallarınızın nakliyesinde yer alan diğer kişilere bilgi verirler.
❌ What Incoterms® don’t cover
Tasarruf veya mülkiyetin geçişini kapsamazlar
Ödemeyi kapsamazlar - bu konu ayrıca müzakere edilir
Sigortayı kapsamazlar - Incoterms®’den yalnızca ikisi, yani CIF (Masraflar, Sigorta ve Navlun Dahil Teslim) ve CIP (Taşıma Ücreti ve Sigorta Ödenmiş Teslim) sigortayı satıcının sorumluluğu olarak belirtir
What are the most common Incoterms®?
There are eleven Incoterms®, but the most used are:
FOB (Free on Board)
FOB shipping means that the seller delivers the goods on board the vessel nominated by the buyer at the named port of shipment. They are responsible for all costs up until that point. Once the shipment is boarded, the buyer assumes risks and costs.EXW (Ex Works)
Ex Works means that the seller delivers when it places the goods at the disposal of the buyer at the seller’s premises or at another named place (i.e., works, factory, warehouse, etc.).DDP (Delivered Duty Paid)
The DDP Incoterms® – “Delivered Duty Paid” – means that seller bears all the costs and risks involved in bringing the goods to the place of destination and has an obligation to clear the goods not only for export but also for import, to pay any duty for both export and import and to carry out all customs formalities.FCA (Free Carrier)
Free Carrier means that the seller delivers the goods to a carrier or another person nominated by the buyer, at the seller’s premises or another named place. With FCA shipping terms, the parties are well-advised to specify, as clearly as possible, the point within the named place of delivery, as the risk passes to the buyer at that point.CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight)
With the CIF Incoterms®, the seller delivers the goods, cleared for export, onboard the vessel at the pot of the shipment. He also pays for the transport of the goods to the port of destination. Additionally, the seller contracts for insurance cover against the buyer’s risk of loss or damage to the goods during the carriage.DAP (Belirlenen Yerde Teslim)
Nakliye dünyasında DAP şartı, mallar ilgili varış noktasında nakliye aracından boşaltılmaya hazır halde alıcının tasarrufuna geçtiğinde satıcının teslimatı tamamladığı anlamına gelir. Malların belirtilen yere götürülmesiyle ilgili tüm riskler satıcıya aittir.
Incoterms® and the Incoterms® 2020 logo are trademarks of ICC. Use of these trademarks does not imply association with, approval of or sponsorship by ICC unless specifically stated above. The Incoterms® Rules are protected by copyright owned by ICC. Further information on the Incoterms® Rules may be obtained from the ICC website iccwbo.org.
